Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) is an advanced assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedure used in cases of male factor infertility or when other fertility treatments, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), have not been successful. ICSI involves the direct injection of a single sperm into an egg to facilitate fertilization. This technique is particularly beneficial when there are issues with sperm quality or when there are low numbers of viable sperm available.